Local translation at specific subcellular regions, including membranous and membrane-less compartments, is suggested to define the appropriate destinations of proteins and ultimately maintain cellular homeostasis. Despite its importance, a comprehensive understanding of local translation is still far from complete due to a lack of simple and versatile analysis tools. Here, we developed a method termed “APEX-Ribo-Seq” that integrates ribosome profiling (Ribo-Seq) with APEX2-based proximity labeling, mapping the local translation status across 14 distinct organelles (ER membrane, mitochondrial outer membrane, peroxisome, cis-Golgi, trans-Golgi, lysosome, endosome, early endosome, centrosome, plasma membrane, cell junction, intermediate filaments, nuclear pore and clathrin-coated structures). Comparative analysis revealed an atlas of local translation for over 3,000 genes, kinetic characteristics associated with co-translational membrane insertion of nascent chains, and the responsible RNA-binding proteins, supported by AI-based prediction. We also surveyed local translation regulated by the cell cycle for the centrosome and by stresses for stress granules and autophagosomes. Overall, our strategy and datasets provide a landscape of the spatial translatome at sub-cellular resolution and its regulation in response to external/internal cues.