Diffractive x-ray optics have interesting properties that make them highly attractive for use with x-rays and play a key role in the shaping, direction, and detection for a variety of experiments. In contrast to other kinds of x-ray optics such as mirrors and lenses, diffractive optics allow for precise control of the optical wave front and the realization of complex optical functionalities. The k...

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Understanding how materials evolve under non-equilibrium conditions requires experimental tools capable of capturing both local structural changes and their ultrafast dynamics. Ultrafast X-ray pair distribution function (uf-PDF) analysis—based on total scattering measurements enabled by femtosecond X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs)—now allows direct access to transient local structures beyond the...

题目：Dissecting Cross-Stock Momentum（理解跨股动量） 摘要：Aiming to capture underreaction to information, previous studies document cross-stock momentum (CSM) where returns of some stocks predict those of related stocks. Re-examining this literature, we document the puzzling fact that CSM returns tend to revert over time. To understand the source of this reversal, we decompose CSM into two disti...